Bahá'í Ontology, Part Two: Further Explorations - Kluge,Ian (Lights of Irfan, 2006)
A further exploration of Bahá'í ontology: becoming and change; substance, soul, and identity; the nature of being and nothingness; time; the one and the many; the nature of things; what makes something real; social ontology; Buddhism and Hegel
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #60, Bosch Bahá'í School, California (May 26-29, 2005). See also Bahá'í Ontology Part One: An Initial Reconnaissance. Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/60/kluge_ontology.
Keywords: Aristotle; Buddhism; Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel; Irfán Colloquia; Lawh-i-Aflakiyyih (Tablet of the Universe); Ontology; Philosophy; Plato

Bahá'í Physicians: Emerging Roles and Responsibilities - Mahmoudi,Hoda; Teckie,Gloria (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2010)
The role of a Bahá'í doctor; the relationship between medical intervention and health of the mind, soul, as well as body; the patient's role in maintaining their own health; a Bahá'í approach to health-care delivery.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/149.
Keywords: Ethics; Health and healing; Mind; Psychology; Soul

Bahá'í Pilgrimage to Israel - Viswanathan,Gandhimohan (Pilgrims and Travelers to the Holy Land, 1996)
A short scholarly article accompanied by numerous photographs of sacred Bahá'í sites in the Holy Land.
The papers in this collection were delivered at the Seventh Annual Symposium of the Philip M. and Ethel Klutznick Chair in Jewish Civilization at Creighton University on October 2 and 3, 1994.
Keywords: 1994; Bahá'í World Centre; Conferences; Pilgrimage; Pilgrims notes

Bahá'í Prayers for Good Governance - Buck,Christopher (Journal of Ecumenical Studies, 2021)
Bahá’u’lláh encouraged Bahá’ís to pray for their rulers. This essay presents a newly authorized translation of "A Prayer for the confirmation of the American Government," and a provisional translation of a prayer of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá for the Ottoman Caliphate.
Mirrored with permission from academia.edu.
Keywords: Authenticity; Governance; Government; Leadership; Ottoman Empire; Ottoman government; Prayer; Prayer texts; Sultán `Abdu'l-Hamid II; Turkey; United States (documents)

"Bahá'í Question" in Iran: Influence of International Law on "Islamic Law" - Buck,Christopher (Menschenrechte in der Islamischen Republik Iran: Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2021)
On the "Baha’i question," a secret Iranian government document from 1991 which sets out oppressive policies to persecute or imprison Bahá'ís, and the history of the legal and practical implementation of such policies.
Mirrored with permission from academia.edu.
Keywords: Iran (documents); Law; Persecution; Persecution, Iran

Bahá'í Religious Faith and Tradition in Bangladesh - Jahangir Alam,Muhammad (Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, 2011)
History of the Faith in eastern Bengal and a sketch of current distribution, organization, and activities of Bahá'ís in Bangladesh.
Mirrored from bangladeshsociology.org.
Keywords: Bahá'í history by country; Bangladesh

Bahá'í Review: Should the 'red flag' law be repealed? - Leith,Barney (Baha'i Studies Review, 1995)
Argument that the current provisions for review may be anachronistic and that the benefits of deregulation might outweigh possible disadvantages. Includes responses by Roxanne Lalonde and Sepideh Taheri.
See also commentaries and author's response, below (both from Bahá'í Studies Review 6, 1996). See also newer letters written by the Bahá'í World Centre on this topic, at uhj_publishing_internet, and a compilation, Reviewing: Practice and Functions of Literature Review.
Keywords: Bahá'í studies; Criticism and apologetics; Freedom and liberty; Internet; Publishing; Publishing, Review; Scholarship

Bahá'í Sacred Texts - Momen,Moojan (British Library, 2019)
The Baha’i Faith is a scriptural religion. Momen explains the Baha’i beliefs about sacred texts and prophets, the transmission and distribution of the scripture and its role in the community (archived copy, original offline).
Mirrored from bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/bahai-sacred-texts [archive.org]. See also the author's Central Figures of the Baha'i Faith and Peter Smith's Introduction to the Baha'i Faith, and see the start page British Library - Discovering Sacred Texts: Bahá'í [archive.org].
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Bahá'í Writings; British Museum and British Library; Báb, Writings of; Calligraphy; Haykal (temple); Revelation writing

Bahá'í Scholarship: An examination using citation analysis - Fazel,Seena; Danesh,John (Baha'i Studies Review, 1995)
Examines references of articles in major Bahá'í studies journals published during 1978-83 and 1988-93 to study trends in Bahá'í scholarship.
See also Fazel's Bahá'í Faith and Academic Journals and Contemporary developments in Baha’i studies: An examination using citation analysis.
Keywords: 1978; 1980s; Bahá'í scholarship; Citations; Journal of Bahá'í Studies; Scholarship; Statistics; World Order magazine

Bahá'í Social and Economic Development: Participating in the Unfoldment of World Civilisation - Pakravan,Payam (Australian Baha'i Studies, 1999)
The evolution of development praxis; new patterns of thought for civilization; human welfare; social growth; the Australian context; imperatives for a global enterprise.
See also the rest of this issue.
Keywords: Australia

Baha'i Studies in Iran: A Preliminary Survey - Ma'sumian,Bijan; Masumian,Adib (Baha'i Studies Review, 2014)
Overview of the cultivation and evolution of religious education in the Baha’i Faith in Iran in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Keywords: 19th century; 20th century; Bahá'í studies; Iran (documents); Iran, Bahá'í history; Scholarship

Bahá'í Teachings and the Principle of Separation between Religion and State - Sergeev,Mikhail (Studies in Baha'i Philosophy, 2012)
Historical background of the concept of separation of church and state, some contemporary views within and without the Bahá'í community, and the nature of secular democracy.
See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Church and state

Bahá'í Teachings on Economics - Ferraby,John (Bahá'ı́ Publishing Trust)
Overview of Bahá'í-inspired themes on creating a world economy, economic justice, efficient ways to industrialize society, and fair division of capital and labour.
Online at bahai.works.
Keywords: Administration; Agriculture; Capitalism; Economics; Strikes; Wealth and poverty

Bahá'í Universalism and Native Prophets - Buck,Christopher (Reason and Revelation: Studies in the Babi and Baha'i Religions, 2002)
Explores the possibility of including other great religious figures in the Bahá'í category of "Manifestations of God" using the Iroquois prophet Deganawida as an example.
This article is an updated and slightly abridged version of its 1996 publication in Bahá'í Studies Review, Native Messengers of God in Canada? A Test Case for Bahá'í Universalism. See also Messengers of God in North America, Revisited: An Exegesis of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s Tablet to Amír Khán.
Keywords: Native Americans

Bahá'í Work as Worship, Prayer as Practice: Chapter 15 - Vance,Deborah Clark (Spiritual Consciousness as Evolutionary Learning: Exploring Myth, Metaphor and Magic for Sustainability, 2025)
Religion is logical and progressive; it moves humanity closer to a unified world; human reality is our thought, not our bodies; life is for acquiring spiritual attributes; Baháʼí temples are symbols of unity, fostering peace and community-building.
See book online at routledge.com.
Keywords: Architecture; Arts and crafts; Circles; Community building; Congo, Democratic Republic of; Consultation; Cultural diversity; Disunity; Education; Empowerment; Grassroots; Haykal (temple); Institute process; Interfaith dialogue; Interpretation; Light; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Kinshasa; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Port Moresby; Metaphors and allegories; Mirrors; Mythology; Papua New Guinea; Peace; Peacebuilding; Prayer; Prosperity; Reconciliation; Religion (general); Rivers; Service; Social action; Social change; Sociology; Spirituality; Sustainable development; Transformation; Unity; Unity in diversity; Unity of religion; War; Water; Weaving; Women; Work; Worship

Bahá'í World Faith: Redefinition of Religion - Keene,James J. (Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 1967)
Bahá'ís consistently differ from Jews and Christians in the structure of their religious behavior and its relation to personality. Only the Bahá'ís evidenced a "fully balanced" religious activity.
For another study by the author, see Religious Behavior and Neuroticism, Spontaneity, and Worldmindedness.
Keywords: Christianity; Interfaith dialogue; Judaism; Psychology; Sociology

Bahá'í Youth and Sexuality: A Personal/Professional View - Kennedy,Sharon; Kennedy,Andrew (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1988)
The role of Bahá’í youth with respect to prevailing attitudes towards sexuality found in Western society, emphasizing the process of spiritual growth and the principle of chastity; a number of practical suggestions are made.
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Sexuality; Youth

Bahá'í-Christian Dialogue: Some Key Issues Considered - Beckwith,Francis (Christian Research Journal, 1989)
An antagonistic and polemical overview of the Bahá'í Faith by a Christian.
Documents relevant to this issue include: UHJ: Changes Made to Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era Regarding the Explanation of Daniel 12:12 (1990) UHJ: Prophecy of Daniel; Modifications of Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era (1996) US NSA: Dates in Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era: A response to Francis Beckwith (1992) Peter Terry: Truth Triumphs: Response to Misrepresentations of Bahá'í Teachings and Bahá'í (1999) Douglas Martin: Missionary as Historian: William Miller and the Bahá'í Faith (1978) David Friedman: A Bahá'í Response to "Bahá'í-Christian Dialogue: Some Key Issues Considered" (1998)
Keywords: Bible; Christianity; Criticism and apologetics; Daniel (Bible); Francis Beckwith; John Esslemont; Prophecies

Bahá'í: A Way of Life for Millions - Bennett Jr.,Lerone (Ebony Magazine, 1965)
Article reprinted from 1965 Ebony Magazine article and made into pamphlet for mass distribution.
Keywords: Introductory; United States (documents); Visuals

Baha'is in Post-revolution Iran: Perspectives of the Ulema - Sanyal,Ankita (Contemporary Review of the Middle East, 2019)
Historical background of the ulema/monarchy equation; the Ayatollahs’ take on the Baha’is after 1979, and dissident views of the Bahá'ís.
Keywords: 1950s; 1979; 1980s; Iran (documents); Persecution, Iran

Bahá'ísm - Widgery,Alban G. (Living Religions and Modern Thought, 1936)
Chapter-length overview of Bahá'í theology.
Also available as a Microsoft Word document.
Keywords: Bahá'í studies; Theology

Bahá'ísm: A Study of a Contemporary Movement - Vail,Albert Ross (The Harvard Theological Review, 1914)
Scholarly analysis of the influence of the Bahá'í Faith and the psychology of its followers.
This paper is online in a variety of formats at archive.org.
Keywords: Bahá'í studies; Psychology; Sociology

Bahá'ísm: An Anti-Christian System - Wilson,Samuel Graham (Bibliotheca Sacra, 1915)
A Christian missionary's perspective on the Bahá'í Faith's claim to supersede Christianity.
Keywords: Christianity; Criticism and apologetics

Bahá'ísm: Some Uncertainties about its Role as a Globalizing Religion - MacEoin,Denis (Baha'i and Globalisation, 2005)
On Bahá'í self-understanding as the religion to unite all faiths in the culmination of globalisation, vs. the challenges which secular values present to a religion that, rooted in Islamic thinking, aims to fuse the spheres of religion and society.
See related discussions in Debates between MacEoin et al.
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Globalization; Islam; Unity of religion

Bahá'u'lláh and Liberation Theology - Cole,Juan (Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Bahá'í Theology: Studies in the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions, 1997)
The idea of liberation and equality is central to Bahá'í theology; the poor in the 19th century Middle East; Bahá'u'lláh and the poor; Tablet to the Kings on wealth and peace; laws of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas and Huququ'lláh; state social welfare.
Inconsistent font sizes and boldface is an artifact of the scanning program, not in the original document; see this Google Books preview.
Keywords: Agriculture; Ayyám-i-Há; Baghdad, Iraq; Charity and relief work; Christianity; Consultation; Detachment; Education; Empowerment; Equality; Ethics; Funds; Gender; Governance; Human rights; Huqúqu'lláh; India; Interfaith dialogue; Iran (documents); Iraq; Justice; Kalimat-i-Maknunih (Hidden Words); Liberation; Liberation theology; Local Spiritual Assemblies; Middle East; Peace; Politics; Reform; Slavery; Social action; Sociology; Statistics; Theology; United States (documents); Unity; Wealth and poverty; Women; Work; Zakat (tithes)

Bahá'u'lláh and the God of Avicenna - Hall,Joshua (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2022)
Comparison of the teachings of Bahá’u’lláh on the nature of God with the philosophy of Avicenna; this helps one understand the philosophical content and significance, and rational rigor, of Bahá’u’lláh’s own statements on God’s existence and creative act.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/307. See also the complete issue "The Mind, the Heart, and the Infinite" [PDF].
Keywords: Absolute existence; Avicenna (Ibn Sina); Christianity; Cosmology; Creation; Dualism; God; Interfaith dialogue; Islam; Lawh-i-Basítatu'l-Haqíqah (Tablet of the Uncompounded Reality); Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom); Metaphysics; Monism; Philosophy; Qayyum (Self-subsisting); Some Answered Questions (book); Thomas Aquinas

Bahá'u'lláh and the Naqshbandi Sufis in Iraq, 1854-1856 - Cole,Juan (From Iran East and West: Studies in Babi and Baha'i History, 1984)
The interplay of Bábí themes of messianism and the Sufi mystical emphasis on internal spirituality; analysis of an early poem by Bahá'u'lláh which hints that by the 1850s he began to see his mission of reform to carry out in the Bábí community.
From books.google.com.
Keywords: 1850s; 1854; 1856; Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'u'lláh; Iraq (documents); Kurdistan; Mysticism; Poetry; Sufism; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq

Baha'u'llah as 'World Reformer' - Buck,Christopher (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1991)
This article places Bahá'u'lláh in the context of Islamic reform by comparing him to several contemporary Iranian reformers. Bahá'u'lláh prosecuted his proposed reforms in three stages: (1) Bábí reform; (2) Persian reform; and (3) world reform.
Original final chapter of Symbol and Secret: Qur’an Commentary in Baha’u’llah’s Kitab-i Iqan (2004/1995). Given the "Award for Excellence in Bahá'í Studies" (University Category) by the Association for Bahá'í Studies (1991). Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Iran (documents); Islam; Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); Middle East; Reform; Tablet of the True Seeker; Theophany

Bahá'u'lláh as fulfilment of the theophanic promise in the Sermons of Imam 'Alí ibn Abí Ṭálib: Translation of al Tutunjiyya, Iftikhár and Ma'rifat bin-Nurániyyat - Fananapazir,Khazeh (Online Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2007)
Translations of Tutunjiyya "Sermon of the Gulf," Iftikhár "Sermon of Iftikhár," and Ma'rifat bin-Nurániyyat "Sermon of Ma'rifat bin-Nurániyyat."
Originally posted at ojbs.org, archived at archive.org. Later revised and published in A Most Noble Pattern: Collected Essays on the Writings of the Báb.
Keywords: Hadith; I am all the Prophets (phrase); Imam Ali; Imams; Islam; Judaism; Khutbatul-Iftikhar (Sermon of Glorification); Khutbih Tutunjiyyih (Sermon of the Gulf); Khutbih-i-Marifat bin-Nuraniyyat (Sermon of Recognition with Luminousness); Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); Manifestations of God; Manifestations of God, Recognition of; Moses; Mount Sinai, Egypt; Prophecies; Prophets; Shaykhism; Shia Islam (Shiism); Unity of religion

Baha'u'llah as Zoroastrian saviour - Buck,Christopher (Baha'i Studies Review, 1998)
Examines the Bahá'í view of Zoroastrianism to understand tensions between scholarship and "messiahship" and topics such as proof texts and prophecy.
Also available as PDF (224K).
Keywords: Prophecies; Saoshyant (Saosyant); Shah Bahram; Zoroastrianism

Bahá'u'lláh's 'Long Healing Prayer' ("Lawḥ-i-Anta'l-Káfí") in Light of a Metaphysics of Unity - Pschaida,Daniel Azim (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2022)
On the originality and deep coherence of this prayer as expressed by its rhyme, alliterations, and structures organized around the number 19; the prayer is an invitation to meditate on God’s names, and see reality in a metaphysics of wholeness and unity.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/302. See also the complete issue "The Mind, the Heart, and the Infinite". [PDF] See also the author's Baha'u'llah's Long Healing Prayer: Parallel Translation and Notes on Iterations.
Keywords: Dhikr (Remembrance); God; God, Names of; Healing prayer, Long; Health and healing; Islam; Metaphysics; Philosophy; Repetition

Bahá'u'lláh's Bishárát (Glad-Tidings): A Proclamation to Scholars and Statesmen - Buck,Christopher; Ioannesyan,Youli A. (Baha'i Studies Review, 2010)
Historical and textual study of the one of the major writings of Bahá'u'lláh, and new theories as to its provenance and purpose; it may have been revealed for E. G. Browne. Includes Persian translation (following the English section).
This article is posted here with author's permission; also posted by author at academia.edu. See also Buck's presentation, Tablet of Glad-Tidings: A Proclamation to Scholars and Statesmen. See Persian after the English pages in in the PDF below.
Keywords: Ashgabat; Baron Rosen; Bisharat (Glad Tidings); Cambridge, England; E. G. Browne; Hájí Muhammad-Ridá Isfahání; Principles; Proclamation; Reform; Translation; Turkmenistan; United Kingdom

Baha'u'llah's First Tablet to Napoleon III: A Research Note - Velasco,Ismael (Lights of Irfan, 2003)
Comparison of Shoghi Effendi's English translation and Ismael Velasco's English translation of Dreyfus French version.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/velasco_napoleon. Add or read links or comments pertaining to the topic of this work here.
Keywords: Irfán Colloquia; Lawh-i-Napulyun (Tablets to Napoleon III); Tablets to kings and rulers

Bahá'u'lláh's Four Tablets to Maryam - Yazdani,Gloria (Online Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2007)
Translations of Lawh-i-Maryam "Tablet for Cousin Maryam," Maryama Isiy-i-Jan "Tablet for Maryam on Sorrow and Love," Hurufat-i-‘Ali’in "Exalted Letters," and Ziyárat-Námih-i-Maryam "Tablet of Visitation for Maryam."
Originally posted at ojbs.org, archived at archive.org.
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh, Poetry of; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Crimson; Lawh-i-Maryam (Tablet to Maryam); Maryam (cousin of Bahá'u'lláh); Maryama Isiy-i-Jan (Tablet for Maryam on Sorrow and Love); Musíbat-i-Hurúf-i-‘Állín (Suffering of the Exalted Letters); Poetry; Ziyarat-Namih-i-Maryam (Tablet of Visitation for Maryam)

Bahá'u'lláh's Influence on the New York School of Painting: The "Unapprehended Inspiration" of Newman and Rothko - Woodman,Ross (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1991)
The paintings of New Yorkers Barnett Newman and Mark Rothko may best be understood as a powerful first evidence of what Bahá’u’lláh called “the rising Orb of Divine Revelation, from behind the veil of concealment.”
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; New York, USA; Painting; Ross Woodman; United States (documents)

Bahá'u'lláh's Lawh-i Haqqu'n-Nas: Tablet of the Right of the People, Provisional Translation - Bahá'u'lláh (Online Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2007)
A tablet on the metaphorical character of this world.
See also an Introduction to this tablet. Originally posted at ojbs.org, archived at archive.org. See also a translation by Keven Brown.
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Correspondance (concept); Cosmology; Ethics; Lawh-i Haqqun-Nas (Tablet of the Right of the People); Life after death (afterlife); Philosophy; Reward and punishment

Bahá'u'lláh's Life and Mission: "This is the One Who Hath Glorified the Son" - Borovicka,JoAnn M. (Lights of Irfan, 2018)
Ways in which Bahá’u’lláh glorifies Jesus Christ and His Cause: He quotes, explains, and defends Christian scripture; supplements Christ’s teachings for the needs of a fast-evolving society; and speaks of Christ as an existing spiritual reality.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/borovicka_mission.
Keywords: Beatitudes (Bible); Bible; Christianity; Interfaith dialogue; Jesus Christ; Lawh-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Tablet); Return; Unity

Bahá'u'lláh's "Most Sublime Vision" - Klebel,Wolfgang A. (Lights of Irfan, 2008)
Examines the question: What philosophical viewpoints are necessary to understand what Bahá’u’lláh calls "Thy transcendent unity," i.e., the concept of unity and oneness, which are ubiquitous in the Bahá’í Writings?
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #74, Bosch Bahá'í School, California (May 24-27, 2007). Republished in Occasional Papers, volume 2 (Irfan Colloquia, 2009). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/74/klebel_vision.
Keywords: Chahar Vadi (Four Valleys); Christianity; Cosmology; Dualism; God; Haft Vádí (Seven Valleys); Humanity; Interfaith dialogue; Irfán Colloquia; Islam; Manifestations of God; Monism; Philosophy; Philosophy, Greek; Religion (general); Tabernacle of Unity (book); Unity; Zoroastrianism

Bahá'u'lláh's "Ode of the Dove": A Provisional Translation - Bahá'u'lláh (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2019)
A lengthy dialogue between Bahá'u'lláh (as persona/narrator) and the Huriyyih — the Maid of Heaven (a personification of “the Most Great Spirit”).
Article mirrored from bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF]. See also the article accompanying this translation, Bahá'u'lláh's Symbolic Use of the Veiled Ḥúríyyih.
Keywords: Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'u'lláh, Poetry of; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Dove (symbol); Holy Spirit; Iraq; John Hatcher; Maid of Heaven; Mysticism; Poetry; Qasidiyyih-Varqaiyyih (Ode of the Dove); Sufism; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq

Baha'u'llah's Paradise of Justice: Commentary and Translation - Buck,Christopher; Masumian,Adib (Baha'i Studies Review, 2014)
The tablet Riḍvānu’l-‘Adl, "Paradise of Justice," shows how the concept of justice — which encompasses both faith and action — is the essence of the Baha’i concept of salvation, both individual and societal.
Mirrored with permission from academia.edu.
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Faith and works; Jihad (Holy war); Justice; Lawh-i-Ridvanul-Adl (Tablet of the Paradise of Justice); Paradise; Ridván; Salvation

Bahá'u'lláh's Persian Poems Written before 1863 - Savi,Julio (Lights of Irfan, 2012)
Overview of the mystical early writings of Bahá'u'lláh, 1852-1863. Includes extensive bibliography, and a brief summary of each of the major works from this period.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #104, Center for Bahá'í Studies, Acuto Italy (July 2011). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/104/savi_persian.
Keywords: Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'u'lláh, Poetry of; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration); Dervish poems (Bahá'u'lláh); Iraq; Kurdistan; Lover and the Beloved; Mysticism; Poetry; Separation and reunion; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq

Baha'u'llah's Prophetology: Archetypal patterns in the lives of the founders of the world religions - Momen,Moojan (Baha'i Studies Review, 1995)
Explores the theory that the lives of the prophet-founders of the world religions have in some ways re-capitulated each other.
See also the table excerpted from this article as Comparative Lives of the Founders of the World Religions.
Keywords: Abrogation and confirmation of laws; Archetypes; Bahá'u'lláh; Buddha; Buddhism; Báb, The; Christianity; Epics; Exile (banishment); Hinduism; Holy Spirit; Interfaith dialogue; Islam; Jesus Christ; Judaism; Krishna; Manifestations of God; Meditation; Messianism; Moses; Muhammad (Prophet); Opposition; Precursors; Prophecies; Qiblih; Return; Tablets to kings and rulers; Unity of religion; Zoroastrianism

Baha'u'llah's Seclusion in Kurdistan - Ma'sumian,Bijan (Deepen, 1993)
Reconstruction of parts of this mostly undocumented period in Bahá'u'lláh's life.
Keywords: Baghdad, Iraq; Cosmology; Iraq; Kurdistan; Lawh-i-Kullu't-Ta'ám (Tablet of All Food); Mountains; Mysticism; Mírzá Yaḥyá (Subh-i-Azal); Naqshbandi sufis; Poetry; Qasidiyyih-Varqaiyyih (Ode of the Dove); Sar Galu Mountain (Iraq); Seclusion; Sufism; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq

Bahá'u'lláh's Seven Valleys and Developmental Psychology: Toward a Conception of Spiritual Development - Hatala,Andrew R. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2011)
Through the lens of the Seven Valleys, this paper creates a dialogue between theories of developmental psychology and Bahá’í philosophical perspectives, explores the evolution of the "self," and examines spiritual striving in human phylogeny and ontogeny.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/150.
Keywords: Haft Vádí (Seven Valleys); Michael Karlberg; Philosophy; Psychology; Self

Bahá'u'lláh's Symbolic Use of the Veiled Ḥúríyyih - Hatcher,John S.; Hemmat,Amrollah; Hemmat,Ehsanollah (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2019)
Analyzing some of the meanings behind the appearance of the Veiled Maiden, as alluded to by Bahá'u'lláh in His letters.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF]. See the provisional translation accompanying this article, and see also The Maid of Heaven: A Personal Compilation (2020).
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh, Birth of Revelation of; Bahá'u'lláh, Poetry of; Bahá'u'lláh, Station of; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Báb, Station of; Gender; God, Anthropomorphic descriptions of; God, Gender of; God, Names of; Holy Spirit; Hur-i-Ujab (Tablet of the Wondrous Maiden); John Hatcher; Kalimat-i-Maknunih (Hidden Words); Lawh-i-Ghulamul-Khuld (Tablet of the Immortal Youth); Lawh-i-Huriyyih (Tablet of the Maiden); Lawh-i-Malláhu'l-Quds (Tablet of the Holy Mariner, Arabic); Lawh-i-Ruya (Tablet of the Vision); Literature, Persian; Love; Lover and the Beloved; Maid of Heaven; Manifestations of God, Gradual disclosure of; Metaphors and allegories; Most Great Separation; Most Great Spirit; Mysticism; Poetry; Progressive revelation; Qayyumul-Asma (book); Ridván; Sufism; Suriy-i-Haykal (Surih of the Temple); Suriy-i-Qalam (Surih of the Pen); Symbolism; Symbolism; Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Veils; Veils (spiritual)

Baha'u'llah's Unity Paradigm: A Contribution to Interfaith Dialogue on a Global Ethic? - Schaefer,Udo (Dialogue and Universalism, 1996)
The mystic unity of religions and the concept of progressive revelation.
Mirrored with permission from www.udoschaefer.com.
Keywords: Interfaith dialogue; Progressive revelation; Udo Schaefer; Unity of religion

Bahaism and Christianity: or, The Religion of 'The Splendour of God' - Gordon,T. Crouther (Expository Times, 1927)
Sympathetic overview of the Faith, and impressions from a visit to Haifa.
Available for purchase from journals.sagepub.com.
Keywords: Christianity; Haifa, Israel

Bahaism and Ecumenism in the Context of Recent Sociocultural Trends - Melikova,Leyla (The Caucasus & Globalization, 2008)
Some of the current sociocultural specifics of two religious phenomena — the Bahá'í Faith and ecumenism — and their place in the republic’s public and religious life.
Mirrored from cyberleninka.ru and academia.edu.
Keywords: Azerbaijan; Christianity; Ecumenism; Interfaith dialogue

Bahaism in Azerbaijan - Melikova,Leyla (The Caucasus & Globalization, 2007)
History of the Bahá'í Faith in northern Azerbaijan, and the Faith's present and future in the context of the relations between the state and society in Azerbaijan.
Mirrored from cyberleninka.ru and academia.edu.
Keywords: Azerbaijan; Bahá'í history by country

Bahá'í Consultation and the Transformation of Society - Momen,Moojan (Lights of Irfan, 2014)
Overview of consultation in the Bahá'í Faith, from its introduction in the Aqdas and first implementation in Iran in the 1870s, and ways in which successive Bahá'í leaders promoted it in the community and for transformation of society.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/118/momen_consultation.
Keywords: 1870s; Consultation

Bahá'u'lláh and the Luminous Mind: Bahá'í Gloss on a Buddhist Puzzle - Faber,Roland (Lights of Irfan, 2017)
Non-duality is of central importance to Buddhist thought and experience; on monism and non-dualism as reflected in Asian religious expressions, including Hinduism's Advaita Vedanta.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/faber_luminous.
Keywords: Buddhism; Dualism; God; God, Knowledge of; Hadith; He who knoweth his self knoweth his Lord (Hadith); Hidden Treasure (Hadith); Hinduism; Lawh-i-Basítatu'l-Haqíqah (Tablet of the Uncompounded Reality); Monism; Philosophy; Philosophy, Buddhist; Philosophy, Hindu; Relativism; Sharh-i Kuntu Kanzan Makhfiyan (Commentary on the tradition of the Hidden Treasure); Sufism; Vedanta

Balance hath been Appointed, The: Some Thoughts on the Publication of the Kitab-i-Aqdas - Schaefer,Udo (Baha'i Studies Review, 1993)
Significances of the Aqdas and the possible impact of its publication (1992) upon its Western audience.
Keywords: Culture, Western; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Laws; Obedience; Philosophy; Udo Schaefer

Baron Rosen's Archive Collection of Bábí and Bahá'í Materials - Ioannesyan,Youli A. (Lights of Irfan, 2007)
Baron V. R. Rosen's unpublished materials relating to Bábí and Bahá'í studies, including his correspondence with A. G. Tumanski and E. G. Browne, and official reports of Russian diplomats.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #72, Louhelen Bahá'í School, Michigan (October 6-9, 2006). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/72/ioannesyan_rosen
Keywords: Archives; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Bahá'í studies; Baron Rosen; Báb, Writings of; Bábísm; Irfán Colloquia; Manuscripts; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of

Because Baha'u'llah said so: Dealing with a non-starter in moral reasoning - Abizadeh,Arash (Baha'i Studies Review, 1995)
Discusses a popular but misleading versus more philosophically responsible approaches to revelation.
Keywords: Ethics; Laws; Philosophy; Teachings

Becoming Attuned to Reality: Presuppositions and the Power of Learning in Action - Smith,Todd (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2024)
The learning mode of action, reflection, consultation, and study encourages investigators to attend to six "interplays" which work together to facilitate collaborative readings of reality in the search for truth.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Action; Consultation; Learning; Reality

Becoming Hospitable and Uplifting Holding Environments for Humanity's Griefs: Depression and the Bahá'í Community - Mustakova,Elena (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2017)
What depression and anxiety-related conditions can teach us about creating healing spiritual communities; the Bahá'í message can help encourage us toward healing and uplifting communities, to embrace humanity’s griefs and point the way forward.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/223. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Grief; Health and healing; Psychology

Begin with the Village: The Bahá'í Approach to Rural Development - Hanley,Paul (Baha'i World, 2019)
About the focus on rural areas, the role of farmers and villages in achieving sustainable development, establishing community institutions, social action and public discourse.
Mirrored from
Keywords: Agriculture; Charity and relief work; Education; Institute process; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Local; Paul Hanley; Public discourse (discourses of society); Rural development; Social action; Social and economic development; Training Institutes; Villages; `Abdu'l-Bahá

Behold the Man: Baha'u'llah on the Life of Jesus - Cole,Juan (Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 1997)
Bahá'u'lláh's lessons from the Judeo-Christian experience for founding a new, post-Islamic religion; invoking Christ to illuminate contemporary situations within Babi-Bahá'í history; implications for his relations with Middle Eastern Christians.
Also available as PDF with original formatting, cole_behold_man.pdf.
Keywords: Abrogation and confirmation of laws; Bible; Celibacy; Christianity; Corruption of texts; Interfaith dialogue; Interpretation; Islam; Jesus Christ; Jesus Christ, Crucifixion of; Jesus Christ, Resurrection of; Laws; Magi (priests); Miracles; Monasticism; Precursors; Resurrection; Return

Being and Becoming: The ANISA Theory of Development - Kalinowski,Michael F.; Jordan,Daniel C. (World Order, 1973)
To provide children with experience and knowledge, enabling them to direct their own spiritual evolution, we need a theory explaining the nature of "becoming" and development. ANISA is a blueprint for a comprehensive educational system.
Mirrored with permission from edpsycinteractive.org/anisa.
Keywords: Alfred North Whitehead; Anisa Educational Model; Dan Jordan; Education; Philosophy; Process philosophy

Between Karbalá' and Tabríz: Contested Martyrdom Narratives - Momen,Moojan (Martyrdom in the Modern Middle East, 2014)
On two models of martyrdom in the time after the Islamic Revolution in Iran, that of the ruling elite and that of the Bahá'is. The Bahá'í narrative is closer to the traditional Shiite, whereas modern Shiism is designed to foster the revolutionary spirit.
Mirrored from nomos-elibrary.de. Download complete issue, dehghani_martyrdom_middle_east.pdf.
Keywords: Martyrdom

Beyond Red Power: The Alternative Activism of Dorothy Maquabeak Francis - Horton,Chelsea (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2004)
Aboriginal activism of the 1960s-1970s, which promoted native spirituality and culture, fostered cross-cultural understanding, but now "Red Power" must encompass both the grassroots and the spiritual realms.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca.
Keywords: 1960s; 1970s; Aboriginal people; Activism; Canada; Native Americans; Politics

Beyond the "Seal of the Prophets": Bahá'u'lláh's Book of Certitude - Buck,Christopher (Religious Texts in Iranian Languages, 2007)
The Bábí background of the Iqán, the nature of interpretation and exegesis, and the place of Muhammad.
From the proceedings of a symposium held at Copenhagen University, May 2002. Posted by publisher; full book is online at royalacademy.dk/Publications/Low/2085_.pdf.
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Finality; Interfaith dialogue; Islam; Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); Quran; Seal of the Prophets

Beyond Welfare: A Preliminary Bahá'í Normative Framework for Economic Rights and Responsibilities - Taefi,Vargha (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2022)
The conceptual underpinnings of a Bahá’í approach to economic growth and disparity, mapped onto an applied framework of economic rights and responsibilities, give rise to economic justice and individual and institutional rights and responsibilities.
Issue date 2021, published 2022 January. Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/305. See also the complete issue "Walking the Mystic Path with Practical Feet". [PDF]
Keywords: Economics; Ethics; Philosophy

Biblical References in Tablets of the Divine Plan - Borovicka,JoAnn M. (Lights of Irfan, 2017)
Knowledge of the Bible is now at an all-time low; a study of the contexts of four biblical references found in Tablets of the Divine Plan, to demonstrate the value that biblical literacy brings to the study and implementation of these Tablets.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/borovicka_biblical.
Keywords: Bible; Christianity; Deepening; Interfaith dialogue; Quotations from the Bible; Tablets of the Divine Plan

Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit: Chapter 31 of Some Answered Questions - Momen,Moojan (Lights of Irfan, 2009)
An examination of covenant-breaking in the Bahá’í Faith in terms of the Biblical reference to blasphemy against the Holy Spirit.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #83, Center for Bahá'í Studies, Acuto, Italy (July 3-6, 2008). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/83/momen_blasphemy.
Keywords: Blasphemy; Covenant-breaking; Holy Spirit; Irfán Colloquia; Some Answered Questions (book)

Body, Mind, Soul and Spirit - Khursheed,Anjam (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 1998)
The Bahá'í view of human nature involves an interaction between spirit, soul and body — these three elements exist both in the Semitic religions and in the Far Eastern ones; Western dualist and Eastern monist traditions are in fact all tripartite.
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 3. See also the Wikipedia articles "Rūḥ", "Nafs" and " 'Aql " (and the related term "Qalb") for the background of these terms in Islam and Sufism.
Keywords: Aql; Body; Buddhism; Christianity; Dualism; Flatland (Abbot); Hinduism; Human nature; Judaism; Life after death (afterlife); Literature; Mind; Mind, spirit, soul; Monism; Philosophy; Philosophy, Buddhist; Philosophy, Greek; Philosophy, Hindu; Philosophy, Islamic; Soul; Spirit (general); Theory of relativity; Translation

Bonds that Sustain: Bahá'í Community-Building Efforts Through the Lens of Disaster Response - Dugal,Bani (Baha'i World, 2019)
On disaster response in the Bahá'í community, systems of human resource development, community-building capacity, coordination, communication, collective action, and spiritual needs.
Mirrored from
Keywords: Bani Dugal; Charity and relief work; Social action

Bouddhisme et foi bahá'íe: Un rapprochement ontologique - Kluge,Ian (2011)
Le bouddhisme c’est l’une des Révélations divines historiques; c’est aussi l’une des religions de nos voisins que nous voulons mieux comprendre; une étude nous fera mieux comprendre l’affirmation bahá’íe que toutes les religions sont unes par essence.
See English original.
Keywords: Buddhism; Philosophy, Buddhist

Bounded Religious Communities' Management of the Challenge of New Media: Bahá'í Negotiation with the Internet - Campbell,Heidi A.; Fulton,Drake (Social Media and Religious Change, 2012)
An outsiders' perspective of the Bahá'í approach to fluid, open networks in the face of its bounded social structure and its system of hierarchical gatekeepers. Includes overview of the Bahá'í Internet Agency.
See also Seeking for Truth: Plausibility Alignment on a Bahá'í Email List. Article extracted from complete book, which was posted by its editor to academia.edu. Note: the following article is informed by the writings and views of Juan Cole. While accurate, they are also somewhat one-sided, e.g. in Cole's and this article's perception that the Bahá'í Administration actively suppresses dissent. By contrast, the Baha'i Library Online has never been asked to remove any item for doctrinal reasons. (-J.W., 2023)
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Internet forums

Brief Discussion of the Primal Will in the Bahá'í Writings - Brown,Keven (Baha'i Studies Bulletin, 1990)
Neoplatonic concepts in Bahá'í metaphysics.
Keywords: Cosmology; God, Will of; Neoplatonism; Philosophy; Primal Will

Bringing Rights Home: Human Rights and the Institution of the Family - Layor,Chichi (Bahá'í-Inspired Perspectives on Human Rights, 2001)
The role of family rights in contemporary human rights discourse, Bahá’í principles relating to family rights, and relevant provisions in present-day human rights legal instruments.
This book is also available for download as a single PDF [2MB]. Mirrored with permission from juxta.com. See publisher's Books for the World license.
Keywords: Family; Human rights

Brothers and Sisters: Buddhism in the Family of Chinese Religion - Chew,Phyllis Ghim-Lian (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 2000)
The endurance of Confucianism for 2,000 years is partly because Buddhism and Taoism were content to play a subordinate role and not infringe upon the "Chinese Great Tradition"; implications of Buddhism's role in relation to new religions in China.
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 5.
Keywords: Buddhism; China; Chinese religion; Confucianism; Interfaith dialogue; Philosophy; Philosophy, Chinese; Taoism

Buda: Profeta de Dios - Witzel,Donald R. (La Luz Brilla en Cualquier Lampara, 1957)
Una de las primeras contribuciones bahá'ís al estudio del Budismo.
Traducido y publicado por primera vez en Español en 1957 por la Asamblea Espiritual Nacional de los Bahá'ís de Colombia, este trabajo es el resultado de una de las primeras investigaciones sobre Budismo producida por bahá'ís. Also available as formatted PDF: witzel_buda_profeta_dios.pdf.
Keywords: Buddha; Buddhism

Buddhism and the Bahá'í Faith - Conner,Daniel (World Order, 1971)
Brief summary of the history and thought of Buddhism; commonalities with Western concepts; different emphases placed on ethics vs. metaphysics; aspects of social control.
Mirrored from bahai.works.
Keywords: Buddhism; China; Christianity; Confucianism; Ethics; God; Hinduism; India; Interfaith dialogue; Islam; Metaphysics; Philosophy; Prophecies; Reincarnation; Unity of religion

Buddhism and the Bahá'í Writings: An Ontological Rapprochement - Kluge,Ian (Lights of Irfan, 2007)
The Bahá'í Faith and Buddhism are two different and apparently incompatible religions, but they share fundamental ontological principles. Thus, their analyses of reality and what it means 'to be' are largely compatible.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #72, Louhelen Bahá'í School, Michigan (October 6-9, 2006) and at the 2006 ABS Conference (see program and abstract). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/72/kluge_buddhism. See an extension of this paper, "The Baha’i Writings and the Buddhist Doctrine of Emptiness: An Initial Survey" (2013/2019). Voir aussi traduction en français.
Keywords: Buddhism; Interfaith dialogue; Irfán Colloquia; Philosophy; Philosophy, Buddhist

Building Creative Communities: Approaching the arts as social & economic development through professionalizing, training, and networking internationally - Chandler,Robin M. (Australian Baha'i Studies, 2000)
On the Global Arts Training Institute, a model for building professionalism in the arts which can be implemented in Bahá’í communities and incorporated into teaching plans to develop the next generation of artists.
See also the rest of this issue.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Social and economic development; Teaching

Building Intercultural Community: Insights from Indigenous Bahá'í History - Horton,Chelsea (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2016)
Bridging Bahá'í communities with Indigenous populations in Canada and the United States was not easy, and was especially fraught for native believers, who also confronted tensions of intercultural understanding and sometimes outright racism.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/208. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Canada; Cultural diversity; Indigenous people; Native Americans; United States (documents); Unity

Bushido (Chivalry) and the Traditional Japanese Moral Education - Sonda,Nozomu (Online Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2007)
Japanese virtues explained by Nitobe in 1900 in comparison with the Bahá'í perspective on moral education.
Originally posted at ojbs.org, archived at archive.org.
Keywords: 1900; Buddhism; Bushido; Christianity; Confucianism; Cultural diversity; Education; Equality; Ethics; Gender; History (general); Interfaith dialogue; Japan; Martial arts; Materialism; Moral education; Philosophy; Philosophy, Eastern; Samurai; Shintoism; Sports; Traditions; Virtues; Women

Bushires' British Residency Records (1837-50): The Appearance of Babism in Persia - Ahmed,Syed Shakeel (Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society, 1995)
Records from Mirza 'Ali Akbar, a British agent in Shiraz, from 1837, 1839, and 1850, with possible early mentions of the Báb.
Keywords: 1840s; 1850; British Residency records; Bushihr, Iran; Báb, The; Bábí history; Mentions; Persecution

"By the Fig and the Olive": `Abdu'l-Bahá's Commentary in Ottoman Turkish on the Qur'ánic Sura 95 - Alkan,Necati (Baha'i Studies Review, 2001)
A translation and discussion of an Ottoman-Turkish Tablet by `Abdu'l-Bahá: his commentary on the Quaranic Sura of the Fig (#95).
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #36, London School of Economics, England (July 13-15, 2001), online at irfancolloquia.org/36/alkan_fig. See also translation of this Tablet. This article is also available as a formatted PDF, as published in BSR: alkan_fig_olive_bsr10.pdf.
Keywords: Alam-i-Mithal (World of images); Arc of ascent and descent; Barzakh; Bible; Christianity; Commentaries; Cosmology; Fig (symbol); God, Worlds of; Hurqalya (imaginal realm); Ibn Arabi; Intermediary realm; Islam; Israel; Jerusalem, Israel; Jesus Christ; Judaism; Mecca, Saudi Arabia; Medina, Saudi Arabia; Metaphors and allegories; Moses; Mount Sinai, Egypt; Muhammad (Prophet); Olive (symbol); Paran (Mount); Perfect Man (Sufism); Philosophy; Quran; Saudi Arabia; Shaykhism; Soul; Sufism; Tree (metaphor); Turkey; Turkish language; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of

Call into Being: Introduction to a Bahá'í Existentialism - Kluge,Ian (Lights of Irfan, 2003)
An existential approach to the Writings and their Aristotelian substratum provides a bridge between an abstract understanding and the actual exigencies of daily life.
Article also available as formatted PDF. Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #44, Louhelen Bahá'í School (October 11-14, 2002). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/44/kluge_being.
Keywords: Irfán Colloquia; Philosophy

Catalogue and Description of 27 Bábí Manuscripts - Browne,E. G. (Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1892)
Categorization, descriptions, and excerpts of 27 manuscripts by the Bab, Bahá'u'lláh, Abdu'l-Bahá, and Subh-i-Azal.
See also Catalogue and Description of 27 Bábí Manuscripts part 2 and 7 Books, Articles for Download.
Keywords: Archives; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Bahá'í studies; Báb, Writings of; Bábísm; E. G. Browne; Manuscripts; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of

Catalogue and Description of 27 Bábí Manuscripts 2 (Continued from Page 499) - Browne,E. G. (Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1892)
Categorization, descriptions, and excerpts of 27 manuscripts by the Bab, Bahá'u'lláh, Abdu'l-Bahá, and Subh-i-Azal.
See also Catalogue and Description of 27 Bábí Manuscripts part 1.
Keywords: Archives; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Bahá'í studies; Báb, Writings of; Bábísm; E. G. Browne; Manuscripts; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of

Catastrophe, Armageddon and Millennium: Some aspects of the Bábí-Bahá'í exegesis of apocalyptic symbolism - Lambden,Stephen (Baha'i Studies Review, 1999)
Preliminary consideration of selected Bábí-Bahá'í doctrines expository of apocalyptic symbolism associated with major Abrahamic religious prophecies.
See also Commentary by William Collins.
Keywords: Apocalypse; Armageddon; Bible; Calamities and catastrophes; Christianity; Exegesis; Interpretation; Islam; Judaism; Millennialism; Prophecies; Symbolism

Celestial Fire: Bahá'u'lláh as the Messianic Theophany of the Divine Fire in Zoroastrianism - Kazemi,Farshid (Lights of Irfan, 2013)
Heat is used as a symbol of the dynamic nature of motion and existence, and in a tablet to the Zoroastrians, Bahá'u'lláh says that fire is a symbol of the Primal Will personified in the Manifestations. This paper explores such symbolism in the Gathas.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #88, Bosch Bahá'í School (May, 2009). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/88/kazemi_fire.
Keywords: Angels; Fire; Glory (general); Holy Spirit; Interfaith dialogue; Light; Maid of Heaven; Metaphors and allegories; Pearls; Saoshyant (Saosyant); Symbolism; Zoroastrianism

Centering the "Pupil of the Eye": Blackness, Modernity, and the Revelation of Bahá'u'lláh - Smith,Derik (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2019)
The "pupil of the eye" metaphor is a deeply consequential, distinguishing feature of the transformative social and spiritual system laid out in Bahá’u’lláh's Revelation.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/252. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Africa; African Americans; Metaphors and allegories; Metaphors and allegories; Modernity; Pupil of the eye; Race; Racism; Slavery; United States (documents); Unity

Central Figures of the Baha'i Faith - Momen,Moojan (British Library, 2019)
Momen explores the life of the founder of the Baha’i Faith, as well as the lives of his forerunner and successor. He delves into the key events concerning their beliefs and teachings and reflects on their legacy (archived copy, original offline).
Mirrored from bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/central-figures-of-the-bahai-faith [archive.org]. See also the author's Bahá'í Sacred Texts and Peter Smith's Introduction to the Baha'i Faith, and see the start page British Library - Discovering Sacred Texts: Bahá'í [archive.org].
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh; British Museum and British Library; Báb, The; Introductory; `Abdu'l-Bahá

Challenge of the Bahá'í Faith: A Non-Bahá'í Assessment of Reasons for Studying the Bahá'í Religion - Johnson,Vernon Elvin (World Order, 1976)
Though small and young, the Bahá’í Faith is a subject of central importance not only for the student of the history of religions but for anyone interested in world problems and proposals for their solution.
Keywords: Bahá'í studies; Christianity; Introductory; Jesus Christ; Jesus Christ, Crucifixion of; Scholarship; Social issues

Challenges of Sustainable Development - Lopez-Carlos,Augusto (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2012)
Economic growth contributes to global prosperity, but it may conflict with environmental constraints. The interactions among conservation, technology, international cooperation, and human values can prevent future crises and assist collective evolution.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/153.
Keywords: Economics; Environment; Prosperity; Sustainable development

Challenges to Bahá'í Studies - Schaefer,Udo (Baha'i Studies Review, 1992)
Discussion of the intellectual presentation of the Bahá'í Faith, and of the related topics of review, apologetics, and contemporary political contexts.
Keywords: Bahá'í studies; Communism; Criticism and apologetics; Politics; Publishing, Review; Udo Schaefer

Challenging Apostasy: Responses to Moojan Momen's 'Marginality and Apostasy in the Bahá'í Community' - Stausberg,Michael; MacEoin,Denis; McGlinn,Sen (Religion, 2008)
Six letters to the editor published in the issue following Momen's article.
A response to Momen's Marginality and Apostasy in the Bahá'í Community. See also Debates between MacEoin et al.
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics

Changing Reality: The Bahá'í Community and the Creation of a New Reality - Momen,Moojan (História Questões & Debates, 2005)
The Bahá’í teachings criticize the socially created realities of warfare, environmental destruction, and the subordination of women, lower social classes and ethnic minorities, instead promoting a vision of global solidarity and individual worth.
Mirrored with permission from www.momen.org/relstud/.
Keywords: Administrative Order; Change; Community (general); Consultation; Equality; Globalization; Institute process; Introductory; Reality

Chinese Family Religion and World Religion - Hock,Yeo Yew (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 1997)
Principles of filial piety and ancestor worship as practised in Chinese tradition; maintenance of genealogies and moral instruction of children with traditions of their forebears and "ancestral cults" help to reinforce the lineage and family solidarity.
See the table of contents and editor's note in the complete issue, vol. 2.
Keywords: Ancestor worship; Chinese religion; Family; Worship

Chinese Religions: Evolution, Compatibility and Adaptability - A Historical Perspective - Kao,Kow Mei (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 2000)
Case study of the history of Chinese civilization through the formation of the three major religions in imperial China: Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism; their compatibility, adaptability, and mutual influences in their early development.
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 5.
Keywords: Buddhism; China; Confucianism; Philosophy; Philosophy, Chinese; Taoism

Christianity, A.D. 138 - Rassekh,Nosratollah (World Order, 1980)
Detailed description of what life might have been like for a Roman or a Christian in the year 138, covering both history, politics, and daily life; the often-secret growth of early Christianity in the context of the Roman Empire.
PDF below generated from Microsoft Word version, prepared by Gengadran Arun (2022). Online in PDF and text formats at bahai.works. See also Islám: The First 138 Years.
Keywords: Christianity; Roman Empire

Chronicle of `Abdu'l-Ahad Zanjani: Personal Reminiscences of the Insurrection at Zanjan - Zanjani,Aqa Abdu'l-Ahad (Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1897)
Translation of an account of the Babi struggle at Zanjan in 1850, as recollected by an aged eyewitness who had been a child at the time; an important source for early Babi history.
See also Persian text, online at the H-Bahá'í site. See also Browne's Remarks on the Azalis of Cyprus. Online version is exact replica of original, save underdots represented as underline; Persian text transcribed (by Juan Cole) and bracketed; footnotes included in the body of the text.
Keywords: 1850; Bahá'í history; Iran (documents); Memoirs and chronicles; Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Persecution, Other; Upheavals; Zanjan upheaval; Zanjan, Iran; `Abdu'l-Ahad Zanjání

Chronicles of a Birth: Early References to the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions in Spain, part 1 (1850-1853) - Egea,Amin E. (Lights of Irfan, 2004)
Found sources for Bábí and Bahá'í history available in Span covering the years 1844 to 1947 (when the Bahá'í faith was established in Spain), pt. 1.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #48, Acuto, Italy (July 10-13, 2003). See also Part Two (1854-1876) and Part Three (1873-1895). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/48/egea_chronicles1.
Keywords: 1850; 1850s; 1853; Bahá'í history by country; Irfán Colloquia; Newspaper articles; Spain

Chronicles of a Birth: Early References to the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions in Spain, part 2 (1854-1876) - Egea,Amin E. (Lights of Irfan, 2006)
Found sources for Bábí and Bahá'í history available in Span covering the years 1844 to 1947 (when the Bahá'í faith was established in Spain), pt. 2.
See also Part One (1850-1853) and Part Three (1873-1895). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/egea_chronicles2.
Keywords: 1854; 1876; Bahá'í history by country; Irfán Colloquia; Spain

Chronicles of a Birth: Early References to the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions in Spain, part 3 (1873-1895) - Egea,Amin E. (Lights of Irfan, 2010)
Found sources for Bábí and Bahá'í history available in Span covering the years 1844 to 1947 (when the Bahá'í faith was established in Spain), pt. 3.
See also Part One (1850-1853) and Part Two (1854-1876). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/egea_chronicles3-corrected.
Keywords: 1873; 1895; Bahá'í history by country; Irfán Colloquia; Spain

Church and State in the Bahá'í Faith: An Epistemic Approach - Danesh,Roshan (Journal of Law and Religion, 2008)
On the public role of Bahá'í institutions; review of current secondary literature; temporal legitimacy vs. divine sovereignty; interaction of religion and politics; maturation and unity; an open vision of church and state.
Also available in Microsoft Word format, prepared (and updated with additional links in the footnotes) by M. Thomas (2021).
Keywords: Administrative Order; Church and state; Criticism and apologetics; Government; Politics; Speculation; Theocracy; Unresolved matters; World order

Civility and Piety as Foundations of Community - Selznick,Philip (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2004)
Text of a talk by a sociologist on moral commitments we make in life, democratic principles, the nature of "community," and articles of faith.
Transcript of a presentation given at the 27th annual conference of the Association for Bahá'í Studies, San Francisco, August 30 2003.

Claiming legitimacy: Prophecy narratives from northern aboriginal women - Cruikshank,Julie (The American Indian Quarterly, 1994)
Includes a discussion of Angela Sidney, a Tagish elder who was very active in the Bahá'í Faith, and who believed that there is not necessary any conflict between Anglicanism, Bahá'í, and indigenous shamanism.
Mirrored from highbeam.com (formerly elibrary.com).
Keywords: 1992; Biography; Native Americans; Prophecies

Clouds and the Hiding God: Observations on some Terms in the Early Writing of Bahá'u'lláh - Sharon,Moshe (Lights of Irfan, 2012)
Metaphorical usage of clouds and rain in the mystical Tablets Rashh-i-Amá, Lawh Kullu't-Ta'ám, and Qasídiyyih-Varqá'iyyih.
This paper was first posted in Word format at Hebrew University of Jerusalem [archive.org], where the author is the Chair in Bahá'í Studies. It was later published in Lights of Irfan, and is mirrored here with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/sharon_clouds.
Keywords: Ama (cloud); Clouds; Lawh-i-Kullu't-Ta'ám (Tablet of All Food); Metaphors and allegories; Mysticism; Qasidiyyih-Varqaiyyih (Ode of the Dove); Rain; Rashh-i-Ama (Sprinkling from the Cloud of Unknowing); Symbolism

Cognitive-Developmental Psychology and the Baha'i Faith: Meaningful Connections - Diessner,Rhett (Counseling and Values, 1995)
Some major concepts shared by Bahá'ís and adherents of cognitive-developmentalism; avenues of communication between members of the Bahá'í Faith and the therapeutic community.
Mirrored from nhbahais.com.
Keywords: Children; Education; Ethics; Philosophy; Psychology

Coherent Chaos and Chaotic Cosmos: The Qur'ān and the Symmetry of Truth - Lawson,Todd (Weltkonstruktionen: Religiöse Weltdeutung zwischen Chaos und Kosmos vom Alten Orient bis zum Islam, 2010)
While at first glance the Qur'an appears to be chaotic in form and structure, on closer examination it reveals an interconnected logic of content, performance, imagery, grammar, and poetics. Article does not mention the Bahá'í Faith.
Keywords: Grammar; Interfaith dialogue; Islam; Language; Metaphors and allegories; Poetry; Quran; Style (Writings)

Collective Security: An Indispensable Requisite for a Lasting Peace - Ewing,Sovaida Ma'ani (Lights of Irfan, 2013)
The global community must come to collaborative agreements regarding policing, the military, nuclear weapons, and an international court. The Bahá'í Faith can offer much guidance for this process.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #113, Louhelen Bahá'í School (October 2012). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/113/ma'ani_security.
Keywords: Collective security

Commentary on a Passage in the Epistle to the Son of the Wolf - Momen,Moojan (Lights of Irfan, 2013)
Short biography of the Son of the Wolf, Aqa Najafi; summary of persecutions from 1874-1903; and the Epistle's references to Qayyumu’l-Asma and the Muslim dawn prayer for Ramadan.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/momen_wolf.
Keywords: 1874; 1903; 19th century; Ark; Badi calendar; Biography; Covenant; Crimson; Crimson Ark; Dua Al Sahar (Dawn supplication); Greatest Name; Islam; Lawh-i-Ibn-i-Dhib (Epistle to the Son of the Wolf); Opposition; Persecution; Qayyumul-Asma (book)

Commentary on the Azhar's Statement regarding Bahá'ís and Bahá'ísm - Enayat,Mohsen (Baha'i Studies Review, 1992)
Response to an official 1986 pronouncement on the Faith by this prominent Egyptian university.
Keywords: Azhar University; Criticism and apologetics; Egypt; Finality; God; Interpretation; Islam; Opposition; Persecution; Persecution, Egypt; Quran; Seal of the Prophets

Commentary on the Islamic Tradition "I Was a Hidden Treasure..." (Tafsír-i-Hadith-i-Kuntu Kanzan Makhfíyyan) - Abdul-Bahá (Baha'i Studies Bulletin, 1985)
Translation of a treatise written by 'Abdu'l-Bahá when he was in his teens, expounding on the terms "Hidden Treasure", "Love", "Creation", and "Knowledge" in a manner which suggests that the recipient was a Sufi and an admirer of Ibn 'Arabí.
Mirrored with permission from www.momen.org/relstud/kkm.htm. This version updated from the original BSB version in 1999 and 2006. Also available in updated Microsoft Word format, prepared by M. Thomas (2024). Edits, proofreading, and updates by M. Momen, A. Marshall, M. McCarron, J. Winters, A. Bolhuis, and B. Lyons in 1999, 2006, and 2013.
Keywords: Archetypes; Baghdad, Iraq; Creation; Dualism; Edirne, Turkey; Hadith; Hidden Treasure (Hadith); Iraq; Knowledge; Love; Monism; Philosophy; Relativism; Sharh-i Kuntu Kanzan Makhfiyan (Commentary on the tradition of the Hidden Treasure); Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsá'i; Sufism; Turkey; Unity of existence (vaḥdatu’l-vujúd); `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of; `Alí Shawkat Páshá

Commentary: Some Interpretive Principles in the Bahá'í Writings - McGlinn,Sen (Baha'i Studies Review, 1997)
Criteria which may be used to determine which of Shoghi Effendi writings are "interpretations", and thus permanently binding, and which are not.
Keywords: Hermeneutics; Interpretation

Comments on Power and Authority, Historical Consciousness, and Modes of Communication: Foreword to the 2nd Edition of Planning Progress - Smith,Todd (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2024)
Reflections on what Bahá'ís have achieved in the decades since this book was published, particularly in the way they seek to transform the material and spiritual dimensions of life at individual and social levels; the degraded state of today's leadership.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Capacity building; Communication; Conspiracy theories; Consumerism; Conversations, meaningful; Disorder and confusion; Habits of mind; Historical consciousness; Identity; Institute process; Integration and disintegration; Interdependence and interconnectedness; Leadership; Misinformation and disinformation; Moderation; Planning; Prayer; Prosperity; Purpose of life; Reflections on the First Century of the Formative Age (letter); Shoghi Effendi, Writings of; Social action; Social media; Spirituality; Unity; Unity in diversity; Unity of humanity; Us and them; Vision

Common Teachings from Chinese Culture and the Bahá'í Faith: From Material Civilization to Spiritual Civilization - Cheung,Albert (Lights of Irfan, 2000)
An examination of the similarities in belief between the Bahá'í Faith and traditional Chinese culture.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #24, Louhelen Bahá'í School, Michigan (October 8-12, 1999). Reprinted in The Bahá'í Faith and the World's Religions, ed. Moojan Momen (George Ronald, 2005). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/24/cheung_chinese.
Keywords: Buddhism; China; Chinese religion; Confucianism; Interfaith dialogue; Irfán Colloquia; Philosophy; Philosophy, Chinese; Taoism

CommonVisions: Photography and Conflict Transformation - Egerton,Chuck (Global Journal of Peace Research and Praxis, 2015)
How an arts-based photography project, built on the concept of the oneness of humanity, was used to overcome racism using the universal language of photography and a medical model to bring unity and resolve conflict.
Mirrored with permission from libjournal.uncg.edu/prp/article/view/858. Contact the author at caegerto[at]@uncg.edu.
Keywords: Conflict resolution; Photography; Race

Communication: The Key to Expansion - Coe,Roger (Baha'i News, 1986)
The use of technology by and its impact upon Bahá'í scholarship. Available also as audiobook.
Originally presented at the 1985 conference of the Association for Bahá'í Studies under the title "Technology in Bahá'í Scholarship - A Prospectus." Audio version originally posted at bahaistudy.org, archived at archive.org. This article had the distinction of being the longest article printed in Baha'i News.

Community Agency and Islamic Education in Contemporary Zanzibar - Bolton,Caitlyn (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2020)
Western political philosophy is primarily concerned with the dynamics of rights and responsibilities between the individual and the institutions; the concept of community is overlooked in such theories, and is even antithetical to the modern nation-state.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/320. See also complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Zanzibar, Tanzania

Competing for the Oneness Of Mankind: The Influence of the Bahá'í Faith on the Olympic Games - Barnes,Kiser (Australian Baha'i Studies, 2001)
The influence of the Bahá'í Faith on the Olympic Games and how it relates to the principle of the oneness of mankind.
See also the rest of this issue.
Keywords: Competition; Dawn-Breakers (book); Equality; Fire; Gods and Goddesses; Greece; Heroism; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Sydney; Olympic Games; Religion (general); Sports; Sydney, Australia; Transformation; Unity; Unity of humanity; Virtues; Wealth and poverty

Concealment and Revelation in Bahá'u'lláh's Book of the River - Saiedi,Nader (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1999)
Analysis and provisional translation of Sahífiy-i-Shattíyyih (Book of the River); on Bahá'u'lláh's experience in the Síyáh-Chál and whether he considered himself a Manifestation of God prior to his Ridván declaration.
Also available as an updated Word document, prepared by M. Thomas (2022). Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/114.
Keywords: Alexander the Great; Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'u'lláh, Declaration of; Concealment; Criticism and apologetics; Dhu al-Qarnayn; Gog and Magog; Hidden Words, First (Arabic); Iraq; Kalimat-i-Maknunih (Hidden Words); Manifestations of God, Gradual disclosure of; Rivers; Shahifiy-i-Shattiyyih (Book of the River); Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Tigris River

Concept of Sacred Justice in Hebrew Eschatology - Selchert,Gary (Lights of Irfan, 2000)
The concepts of Justice and Judgment in the Hebrew Bible; centuries before Christ, the social order of the Israelite tribes was legislated and enforced in accordance with the Covenant and Law of Moses; the formation of social ethics.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #24, Louhelen Bahá'í School, Michigan (October 8-12, 1999). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/24/selchert_justice.
Keywords: Covenant; Day of Resurrection (or Day of Judgment); Eschatology; Interfaith dialogue; Irfán Colloquia; Judaism; Justice; Moses

Concept of the Manifestation of God in Chinese Symbolism: An Inter-civilizational Hermeneutic Study - Hemmat,Amrollah (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2016)
Seemingly incompatible symbols can point to a common underlying meaning, connecting worldviews and perspectives often considered incommensurable. There are elements of the Chinese tradition that resonate deeply with the Bahá’í concept of Manifestation.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/206.
Keywords: China; Chinese religion; Confucianism; Hermeneutics; I Ching; Interfaith dialogue; Manifestations of God; Philosophy; Philosophy, Chinese; Symbolism; Taoism

Considerations in Setting Sacred Text to Music for the Mashriqu'l-Adhkar - Armstrong-Ingram,R. Jackson (Arts Dialogue, 1996)
The relationship of music to the Mashriqu'l-Adhkar as a place and as a gathering of people, and a proposed set of 'rules' that can aid the conscious development of a Bahá'í devotional music.
See also the author's Music, Devotions, and Mashriqu'l-Adhkar.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Music

Conspiracies and Forgeries: The Attack upon the Bahá'í Community in Iran - Momen,Moojan (Persian Heritage, 2004)
Early attacks on the Bahá'í community in Iran were made mostly on the basis of religious accusations, but in the 20th century, non-religious accusations based on widely held and often fantastical conspiracy theories have become more prevalent.
Found at scribd.com. This paper is also available as PDF. See also Debunking the Myths: Conspiracy Theories on the Genesis and Mission of the Bahá'í Faith.
Keywords: 20th century; Bahá'í history; Conspiracy theories; Criticism and apologetics; Forgery and interpolation; History (general); Iran (documents); Iranian revolution (1979); Israel; Opposition; Persecution; Politics; Russia; United Kingdom; Zionism

Constitutional Coherence and the Legal Status of the Bahá'í Community of Iran - Nakhjavani,Salim A. (FICHL Policy Brief Series, 2016)
Constitutional coherence as a process norm; unfulfilled constitutional promises; aspects of the Iranian constitution and the lived experience of the Bahá'í community.
This article is hosted under open-access copyright at toaep.org/pbs. Find it also under toaep.org/authors/#authors_n.
Keywords: Constitutions (general); Human rights; Iran (documents); Iranian constitution; Persecution; Persecution, Human rights; Persecution, Iran

Constructive Resilience - Javaheri,Firaydoun (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2018)
How the perseverance of the Bahá'ís in Iran has resulted in the generality of the Iranian people beginning to admire and, in some cases, arising to assist the Bahá'ís.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/30. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Bahá'í Institute for Higher Education (BIHE); Change; Conflict resolution; Crisis; Disorder and confusion; Hope; Human rights; Iran (documents); Justice; Non-violence; Opposition; Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Persecution, Other; Protest; Resilience; Suffering; Tests and difficulties; Unity; Yaran

Constructive Resilience: The Bahá'í Response to Oppression - Karlberg,Michael (Peace and Change, 2010)
Example of the non-adversarial approach of the Bahá'ís in Iran toward social change, their collective response to oppression, and heuristic insights into the dynamics of peace.
Published online at interscience.wiley.com.
Keywords: Change; Iran (documents); Non-violence; Oppression; Peace; Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Persecution, Other; Resilience

Contemporary Governance and Conflict Resolution: A Bahá'í Reading - Hassall,Graham (1999)
The Bahá'í Writings provide the foundations for a "critique of modernity" at the same time that they suggest possible paths to the future, in particular in conflict resolution.
Originally written for publication in Charles Lerche (ed.), Emergence III: Conflict Resolution.
Keywords: Conflict; Conflict resolution; Governance; Peace; Politics

Conversion of Religious Minorities to the Bahá'í Faith in Iran: Some Preliminary Observations - Maneck,Susan (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1990)
Conversion patterns of Zoroastrians and Jews in the period 1877-1921.
This article is also available as a formatted PDF. See also Commentary (Katirai, 1992).
Keywords: 1877; 1880s; 1921; Bahá'í history; Christian missionaries; Conversion; Iran (documents); Jews; Judaism; Zoroastrianism

Conversive Relationality in Bahá'í Scholarship: Centering the Sacred and Decentering the Self - de Ramirez,Susan Berry Brill (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1995)
Ways in which Bahá’í scholars might follow the process of consecration by centering the sacred within and decentering the self out of academic work; a conversive model of communication and scholarship is rooted in the sacred, emphasizing relationality.
See also The Conversive Turn in Bahá'í Scripture: An Intersubjective Communications Model for Bridging Global Diversity (Brill de Ramirez, 2007). Also available as original scan. Also online at journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/99. See also commentaries and response by Sandra Fotos, Stephen Friberg, and Susan Brill (1998).
Keywords: Ludwig Wittgenstein

Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Success - Palazzi,Marcello; Starcher,George (European Bahá'í Business Forum, 1998)
How social responsibility can contribute to competitiveness and success.
Originally online as a free download from ebbf.org, preserved at archive.org, and in French as PDF.
Keywords: Business; Sustainable development

Creating an Inclusive Narrative - Australian Bahá'í Community (2020)
Culmination of a series of nationwide round tables, conveying the vision of Australians to foster a socially cohesive society.
Mirrored from oea.bahai.org.au. See also "Creating an Inclusive Narrative: Australian publication points to shared identity (BWNS, November 2020).
Keywords: Australia; Consultation; Creating an Inclusive Narrative (publication); Cultural diversity; Grassroots; Indigenous people; Interaction; Public discourse (discourses of society); Social action; Social change; Social cohesion; Unity

Creating Environments that Enhance Spirituality - Staudt,Dawn (Solas, 2003)
The teachings and laws of the Bahá’í Faith are for spiritual advancement of both the individual and society. Three areas in particular help individual development: the use of personal prayer, the arts and Tranquility Zones, and the role of encouragement.
See also a PDF of the complete issue of Solas 3. Mirrored from breacais.demon.co.uk/abs/solas.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Devotional gatherings; Encouragement; Meditation; Prayer

Creation - Thoresen,Lasse (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2002)
Contributing to the creation of a new civilization as a researcher or an artist means participating in the process of never-ending unfolding; the divine names are the eternal archetypes organizing the material world; dialogue between thinking and reality.
See also journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also original scan.
Keywords: Active force and its recipient; Archetypes; Arts and crafts; Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; Be and it is (phrase); Bible; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Causality (causation); Christianity; Civilization; Cosmology; Creation; Elements; Genesis (Bible); God, Love of; God, Names of; God, Will of; God, Word of; God, Worlds of; Haifa, Israel; Invocations; Islam; Lasse Thoresen; Lawh-i-Karmil (Tablet of Carmel); Manifestations of God; Martin Heidegger; Meditation; Music; Philosophy; Prayer; Primal Will; Quran; Science; Seven stages of creation; Terraces of the Shrine of the Báb (Haifa); Unity

Creative Inspiration: Symbolism and Seeing - Fontaine,Karel (Australian Baha'i Studies, 2000)
Examples of visual art which demonstrate the creative impulse at work, together with the symbolism inherent in the pieces.
See also the rest of this issue.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Symbolism

Crime and Punishment: Bahá'í Perspectives for a Future Criminal Law - Schaefer,Udo (Law and International Order. Proceedings of the first European Bahá'í Conference on Law and International Order, 1996)
There is a moral crisis at the present time due to the decline of religion. The Bahá'í teachings uphold the principles of divine justice, individual responsibility, moral education, and the fear of God.
Conference held in Depoort, The Netherlands, 8-11 June 1995. Proceedings published by the Bahá'í Publishing Trust of the UK in association with Tahirih Institute, London, 1996. Mirrored with permission from udoschaefer.com.
Keywords: Ethics; Laws; Punishment; Udo Schaefer

Crisis and the Power of an Inclusive Historical Consciousness: Progressing from Delusional Habits to Dynamic Freedom - Smith,Todd (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2020)
On delusional ways of thinking: the habits of totalizing reality vs. fragmenting reality. These lead us to ideologize and dichotomize. Maturity needs inclusive historical consciousness and equal interplay between the individual and the collective.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Change; Consumerism; Disorder and confusion; Freedom and liberty; Habits of mind; History (general); Ideology; Individualism; Integration and disintegration; Maturity of humanity; Michael Karlberg; Philosophy; Religion (general); Service; Sociology; Spirituality; Transformation; Unity in diversity; Us and them

Crossing Religious Boundaries: Interfaith Challenges for the Future - Khursheed,Anjam (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 1999)
Bahá'í approach to inter-religious harmony: coming together with other faiths in the search for truth; understanding that there are relativistic elements to faith; testing theology by its moral effects; propagating religious truth by the force of example.
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 4.
Keywords: Interfaith dialogue

Cultural Pluralism in the Bahá'í Community - Caton,Margaret (dialogue magazine, 1986)
The idea of relative truth implies a situational approach to living. Bahá'í teachings encourage both diversity and harmonious co-existence.
See also list of dialogue articles or image scans.
Keywords: Cultural diversity; Pluralism; Relativism

Dashavatara and Progressive Revelation - Premanand,Anupam (Lights of Irfan, 2010)
The phenomenon of Divine Revelation from the Hindu and Bahá'í points of view is studied in terms of religion as an eternal process.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #89, Center for Bahá'í Studies, Acuto, Italy (June 29, 2009). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org.
Keywords: Avatars; Epics; Hinduism; India; Interfaith dialogue; Irfán Colloquia; Manifestations of God; Progressive revelation

Day of God (Yawmu'llah) and the Days of God (Ayyamu'llah) - Fananapazir,Khazeh (Scripture and Revelation: Papers presented at the First Irfan Colloquium, 1997)
Comparison of Biblical and Islamic antecedents of the symbol of the "Day of God."
This is an early, unedited version of the article that later appeared in Scripture and Revelation. Mirrored from irfancolloquia.org.
Keywords: Bible; Christianity; Day of Resurrection (or Day of Judgment); God, Day of; Islam; Prophecies; Quran; Words and phrases

De la Córdoba Mora a los Bahá'ís de Irán - Handal,Boris (Revista Cultura y Religión, 2010)
Contrast between the contemporary Iranian Bahá'í community and the treatment of religious minorities in Spain under the Moors.
Mirrored with permission from dialnet.unirioja.es. See also English version, From Moorish Cordova to the Bahá'ís of Iran.
Keywords: Andalusia, Spain; Christianity; Cordova, Spain; Cultural diversity; Interfaith dialogue; Iran (documents); Islam; Jews; Judaism; Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Spain; Tolerance; Unity; Unity in diversity

Declaration Dominus Iesus, The: A Brake on Ecumenism and Interfaith Dialogue? - Savi,Julio (World Order, 2001)
Contents of a Declaration by Cardinal Ratzinger in 2000 on the "unicity and the salvific universality of Jesus Christ and the Church," world opinion on it, and how its position compares with the Bahá’í teachings.
Mirrored with permission from juliosavi.it.
Keywords: Christianity; Interfaith dialogue

Dedication of the Bahá'í House of Worship in Sydney - Khan,Peter J. (Australian Baha'i Studies, 2001)
Reflections on the fortieth anniversary of the Bahá’í House of Worship in Sydney, highlighting its significance for the Australian Bahá’í community.
See also the rest of this issue.
Keywords: Australia; Dedications; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Sydney; Sydney, Australia

Dei Verbum: A Bahá'í Perspective on the Roman Catholic Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation - Oliveira,Marco (Lights of Irfan, 2019)
On some basic Christian Catholic beliefs on divine revelation, how the Bahá'í Faith views Christianity, and theological differences and similarities between the two.
See also a presentation in Italian. Mirrored with permission from http://irfancolloquia.org/153/oliveira_catholic.
Keywords: Catholic Church; Christianity; Interfaith dialogue; Revelation

Democratic Elections without Campaigns? Normative Foundations of National Baha'i Elections - Abizadeh,Arash (World Order, 2005)
Article on the philosophical foundations and core values of Baha’i elections, with particular attention to its relation to democratic theory.
The original PDF file of the published article, and the HTML file from which this version is copied (by permission), can be accessed at http://profs-polisci.mcgill.ca/abizadeh/Bahai-elections.htm
Keywords: Administration; Democracy; Elections; Ethics; Philosophy

Depression, Stigma, and the Soul - McIlvride,Patricia (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2017)
New recovery models, like interpersonal neurobiology, are challenging the medical model in the treatment of mental illness. By defining the mind as transcendent and both embodied and relational, new avenues of healing become possible.
Article mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/219. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Health and healing; Isolation and loneliness; Mental health; Mind; Psychology; Soul

Depression: Biological, Psychosocial, and Spiritual Dimensions and Treatment - Ghadirian,Abdu'l-Missagh (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2015)
Biological, psychosocial, and environmental factors contribute to the development of depression. If religious beliefs and spiritual values also play a role, what insights can the Bahá'í Faith offer?
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/201.
Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Mental health; Psychology

Der Messianismus des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts und die Entstehung der Baha'i Religion - Ekbal,Kamran (Iran im 19. Jahrhundert und die Enstehung der Baha'i Religion, 1998)
On the resurgence of a millenarianistic climate in the 19th century from China through the Middle-East to the USA. It highlights the millenniarist mood in Iran at the time of the beginnings of the Bábí and Bahai religions.
Book title translates to Iran in the 19th century and the emergence of the Bahá'í religion; paper title "Messianism of the early 19th century and the emergence of the Bahá'í religion." Page images scanned by author and shared with me for posting, just before his passing in 2014; converted to PDF and OCRed 2017. See also Ekbal's Islamische Grundlagen des Kitáb-i Aqdas from this same book.
Keywords: 19th century; China; Iran (documents); Messianism; Middle East; Millennialism; Prophecies; United States (documents)

Destiny and Freedom in the Bahá'í Writings - Savi,Julio (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2010)
Bahá'í writings on human free will and fate: our lives are free, yet also regulated by the decrees of God. Freedom is best enjoyed through understanding God's will, our spiritual purpose (H.M. Balyuzi Memorial Lecture).
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/148.
Keywords: Fate, destiny and predestination; Freedom and liberty; Hasan M. Balyuzi Memorial Lectures; Philosophy

Developing a Participatory Approach to Learning - Pihlainen,Maija (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1991)
The Macau-based School of the Nations’ philosophy of education, and its implications for the school’s curriculum development process. The Bahá'í approach to education emphasizes moral education, participation, cooperation, and consultation.
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Bahá'í schools; Curriculum; Education; Learning; Moral education; School of the Nations, Macau; World citizenship

Development and Decline of an Early Bahá'í Community: Saint John, N.B., 1910-1925 - Hoonaard, van den,Will C. (Community Histories: Studies in the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions, 1992)
The brief early history of the Saint John Bahá'ís. Established in 1910, the Bahá'í community struggled in the hostile environment of New Brunswick. In 1925 the community disappeared, to be reestablished only in recent times.
Keywords: 1910; 1910s; 1920s; 1925; Bahá'í history by country; Canada; New Brunswick, Canada; Saint John, NB

Development and Dimensions of Love in Marriage - Danesh,Hossain (Baha'i Studies Notebook, 1983)
As with all forms of love, love in marriage is developmental in nature. Its development is closely related to the process of maturation in the individual.
See Bahá'í Studies Notebook 3.1 table of contents.
Keywords: Hossain Danesh; Love; Marriage

Development and Influence of the Bahá'í Administrative Order in Great Britain, 1914-1950 - Smith,Phillip (Community Histories: Studies in the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions, 1992)
Overview of this history: the early years; the Bahá'í councils; the guardianship of Shoghi Effendi; problems and difficulties; resurgence; establishing the Faith; spreading the Faith.
Keywords: 1914; 1950; 20th century; Administrative Order; Bahá'í history by country; United Kingdom

Dialogue Among Civilizations: Ancient and Future, Transitions and Potentials - Cope,Theo A. (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 2001)
Many ideas in Chinese civilization resonate with Bahá'í thought. The I Ching highlights differences between western and eastern philosophy, the notion of embodiment in the Confucian view of the noble person, and transforming material to spiritual.
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 6.
Keywords: China; Chinese religion; Confucianism; Confucius; I Ching; Philosophy; Philosophy, Chinese

dialogue magazine: image scans of all issues - Various (dialogue magazine, 1986)
All six issues (in picture scans of each page) of an independent, short-lived journal containing scholarly discussion, news, interviews, and poetry.
All essays and reviews in these issues of dialogue have been posted as individual items elsewhere in the library; see the list of all dialogue articles. Scans originally posted at h-net.org; reposted here with permission of dialogue editors. All articles later hand-typed, proofread, and formatted for the web by B. Lyons and J. Winters. See also the precursor to dialogue, informal Los Angeles Study Class newsletters.
Keywords: Dialogue Magazine; Periodicals

Die deutsche Auswanderung 1816/1817 in den Kaukasus und ihre millenaristischen Hintergründe - Ekbal,Kamran (Beitrage des 'Irfán-Kolloqiums, 2006)
The phenomenon of emigration from Germany to the Caucasus, Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan around 1816-1817, and its messianic background.
Also available in Microsoft Word format.
Keywords: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Caucasus; Georgia; Germany; Irfán Colloquia; Millennialism

Digital Citizenship: The New Citizenship - Handal,Boris (Mobile Makes Learning Free, 2016)
This book chapter discusses the need for introducing the notion of virtues and spiritual attitudes in the delivery of learning experiences fostering digital citizenship values from a Bahá'í perspective.
Full book available online at amazon.com/Mobile-Makes-Learning-Free-Professional/dp/1681232839.
Keywords: Education; Ethics; Internet; Social media; Virtues

Dilemmas and Prospects of Writing a Bahá'í Encyclopedia - Hoonaard, van den,Will C. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1989)
The need for a Bahá’í encyclopedia and a description of the nature, organization, and editing of the encyclopedic dictionary project endorsed in 1984 by the United States Bahá’ís; dilemmas which accompany its undertaking.
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Encyclopedias; Scholarship

Discerning a Framework for the Treatment of Animals in the Bahá'í Writings: Ethics, Ontology, and Discourse - Sabet,Michael (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2023)
Bahá'í exegesis can discern a framework governing the treatment of animals and our relationship to the natural world; examination of the author’s own relationship with animals; ethics of kindness and justice flow from underlying ontological principles.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Agriculture; Animals; Behavior; Bible; Christianity; Climate change; Enlightenment, Age of; Environment; Ethics; Food; Genesis (Bible); Kindness; Living the life; Materialism; Maturity of humanity; Meat; Metaphors and allegories; Nature; Ontology; Philosophy; Sacrifice; Soul; Vegetarianism; Virtues

Discourse, Identity, and Global Citizenship - Karlberg,Michael (Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, 2008)
What does it mean to be a "global citizen"? From early Greek times, the concept of citizenship expanded from "inhabitant of a city" to a democratic ideal of self-determination. It now includes global relationships, interdependence, and altruism.
Mirrored with permission from author's website, myweb.wwu.edu [archive.org]
Keywords: Altruism; Discourse (general); Globalization; Identity; Interdependence and interconnectedness; Philosophy; Philosophy, Greek

Discourses of Knowledge - Lewis,Frank (Search for Values: Ethics in Bahá'í Thought, 2004)
Many statements in the Writings are couched in terms of a particular discourse, or intellectual tradition, for their immediate audience. Understanding context can help evaluate whether any given statement is meant as factual truth or as metaphor.
This article is offered as a free preview from books.google.com. Order online at kalimat.com.
Keywords: Discourse (general); Ethics; Metaphors and allegories; Paris Talks (book); Philosophy; Promulgation of Universal Peace (book)

Discovering Imageless Truths: The Bahá'í Pilgrimage of Juliet Thompson, Artist - White,Christopher (American Religious Liberalism, 2012)
Draft of an article, later published, prepared for a conference on the history and theory of American Religious Liberalism. Juliet Thompson is used to provide an example of a cosmopolitan Christian American seeker who found the Bahá'í Faith.
The draft article below was first prepared for the Cultures of American Religious Liberalism Symposium, Yale University (New Haven, CT), September 25 2009.

Disinvestment: Is It a Bahá'í Issue? - Nirou,Marjan (dialogue magazine, 1986)
Economic sanctions as a response to apartheid, the background of South Africa, Bahá'í approaches to preventing racism, and imprisoned children. Includes replies by Steven Scholl, Jihmye Collins, Paul Caprez, Lawrence Miller, and Drew Remignanti.
The following articles, essays, and letters were not part of one single "conversation," but appeared in different issues of dialogue. They have been combined here for ease of filing, and because they all relate to similar topics. See also list of dialogue articles or image scans.
Keywords: Apartheid; Human rights; South Africa

Divide and Rule: The Creation of the Alawi State after World War I - Alkan,Necati (Fikrun wa Fann ("Art and Thought"), 2013)
Summary of 20th-century history of the Nusayri/Alawi Shi'i movement in Syria and Turkey. (No mention of Bahá'ís.)
Mirrored with permission from academia.edu, where this document is also available in German, Arabic and Persian translation. Original publication online at goethe.de.
Keywords: 20th century; Alawi; Divide and rule; History (general); Middle East; Nusayri, Iran; Syria; Turkey; World War I

Divine Qualities of Spiritual Dialogue - Tan,Piya (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 2001)
The Buddhist basis for dialogue is found in its four virtues: love (the world as an extended family), compassion (listening to others), altruistic joy (learning from their success and beliefs) and equanimity (courage to accept the spirituality of others).
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 6.
Keywords: Buddhism; China; Christianity; Compassion; Hinduism; Interfaith dialogue; Love

Divine Revelation: The Basis of All Civilization - Haddad,Anton (Board of Counsel, 1902)
Commentary on the influence of the Prophets on human society.
Keywords: Anton Haddad; Civilization; Manifestations of God

Divisions and Authority Claims in Babism (1850-1866) - MacEoin,Denis (Studia Iranica, 1989)
Factors leading to the division of Babism into the Azalís and the Bahá'ís, and the question of succession and the claims of Mírzá Yahyá, Dayyán, and Bahá'u'lláh.
Keywords: 1850; 1850s; 1860s; 1866; Azali Bábís; Bahá'u'lláh; Bahá'u'lláh, Declaration of; Bahá'u'lláh, Station of; Bahá'í studies; Bábísm; Covenant-breaking; Criticism and apologetics; Dayyan (Mírzá Asadullah); Mírzá Yaḥyá (Subh-i-Azal); Succession

Doctrine of Progressive Revelation in the Baha'i Faith - Pivovarov,Daniil V. (Journal of Siberian Federal University, 2011)
On the ideological basis of progressive revelation, views of Bahá'u'lláh and his followers on the nature of a prophet, and the mission of great prophets.
The PDF (item #1) below did not OCR well because the images are too low-resolution, so the text in it is not usable; use item #2.
Keywords: Progressive revelation

Doing Bahá'í Scholarship in the 1990s: A Religious Studies Perspective - Lambden,Stephen (Baha'i Studies Review, 1993)
Argues that Bahá'í studies must address contemporary world issues, dialogues in pluralism, the New Age movement, and secular ideologies.
Keywords: 1990s; Bahá'í studies; New Age; Scholarship

Domestic Temporalities: Sensual Patterning in Persian Migratory Landscapes - Dennis,Simone; Warin,Megan (Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, 2007)
Embodied paths of patterning, memory and emotion amongst Persian immigrant women in Adelaide, especially the Bahá'í expatriate community. Link to document (offsite).
This article is online at here.
Keywords: Australia; Diaspora, Persian; Iran (documents); Migration

Dr. MacEoin's "Problems of Scholarship...": Some Thoughts - Lambden,Stephen (Baha'i Studies Bulletin, 1982)
The nature of faith-based approaches to studying religion, authoritarianism, supernatural vs. human knowledge, Bahá'í "review", and examination of some sources.
See follow-up discussions in Debates between MacEoin et al., and MacEoin's original article "Problems of Scholarship in a Bahá'í Context."
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Scholarship

Dreams and their Interpretation in the Bahá'í Religion: Some Preliminary Remarks - Alkan,Necati (Online Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2007)
Outline of the importance of dreams and their interpretation in the Bahá'í Religion; dream interpretation in Islam; statements on dreams by Bahá'u'lláh and 'Abdu'l-Bahá; a dream interpretation by 'Abdu'l-Bahá in Ottoman Turkish.
Originally posted at ojbs.org, archived at archive.org.
Keywords: Dreams and visions; Interpretation; Iran (documents); Islam; Quran; Turkey; Turkish language

Early Relations Between Christian Missionaries and the Bábí and Bahá'í Communities - Momen,Moojan (Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History, 1982)
Historical overview of interactions between the Bábís and the early Bahá'ís and a number of Christian missionaries in Persia, Palestine, and Syria in the 1800s.
Article posted as a free preview at books.google.com.
Keywords: 19th century; Christian missionaries; Church Missionary Society; Robert Bruce

Early Shaykhí Reactions to the Báb and His Claims - MacEoin,Denis (Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History, 1982)
On the first years of interaction and conflict between the Shaykhí School and the emerging Bábí movement.
Article posted as a free preview at books.google.com. Also available as a formatted but not-fully-corrected Word document.
Keywords: Báb, Declaration of; Báb, Station of; Karbala, Iraq; Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsá'i; Shaykhism; Siyyid Kazim-i-Rashti

Early Zoroastrian Conversions to the Baha'i Faith in Yazd, Iran - Maneck,Susan (From Iran East and West: Studies in Babi and Baha'i History, 1984)
A history of the gradual process of conversion among some Zoroastrians to the Bahá'í Faith in Iran from the 1880s to 1921, based on heretofore unstudied biographical materials.
See also original thesis Zoroastrian Conversions to the Bahá'í Faith in Yazd, Iran (1983).
Keywords: 1880s; 1890s; 1921; Bahá'í history by country; Iran (documents); Yazd, Iran; Zoroastrianism

Ecological Stewardship as Applied Spirituality: A Bahá'í Perspective - Steere,John Thelen (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2005)
The significance and dimensions of environmental stewardship — the name given to the emerging practice of habitation restoration, land conservation, resource management, and parks and recreation — and its relationship to the Bahá’í teachings.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/129.

Economic Justice and the Creation of a New International Economic Order - Suter,Keith (75 Years of the Bahá'í Faith in Australasia, 1996)
The "New Right," history of economic philosophy and the role of the Church in Europe, challenges of the global economy, the failure of the UN to deal with the problems of the globalized economy, and how NGOs and individuals can work for economic justice.
This document is no longer available at its original host; mirrored from archive.org.
Keywords: Economics; Globalization; Justice; United Nations; Wealth and poverty

Economic Prosperity: A Global Imperative - Fish,Mary (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1997)
Economic growth does not necessarily enhance human welfare. The Prosperity of Humankind recognizes the role of economics in igniting the capacity of humankind. The Bahá'í concept of human nature opens a dialogue between religion and economists.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/327.
Keywords: Economics; Prosperity; Sustainable development

Education and Moral Development in Children - Stoddart,Susan Clay (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1988)
We are caught between the imperative to function as a world culture and a belief that we need to maintain separate racial, cultural, and ethnic identities; strategies that parents and teachers can use to help children develop an identity with all peoples.
See also journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/issue/archive.
Keywords: Children; Cultural diversity; Education

Education for Interdependence: The University and the Global Citizen - Karlberg,Michael (Global Studies Journal, 2010)
This paper advocates the value of an outcomes-based approach to global citizenship education and suggests a framework of core learning outcomes that can guide and inform the development of global citizenship curricula in universities.
While this article references Bahá'í concepts and cites Bahá'í sources, it does not directly mention the Faith. Mirrored with permission from author's website, myweb.wwu.edu [archive.org]
Keywords: Curriculum; Education; Globalization; Universities; World citizenship

Education of women and socio-economic development - Gandhi Kingdon,Geeta (Reason and Revelation: Studies in the Babi and Baha'i Religions, 2002)
The findings of recent research on the social and the economic benefits of female education, which provides insights as to why Bahá'u'lláh stressed its importance.
This article was first published in Bahá'í Studies Review Volume 7, 1997. See also a Commentary on "Geeta Gandhi Kingdon's "Education of women and socio-economic development", by Erin Murphy Graham and Felicity Rawlings.
Keywords: Education; Social and economic development; Women

Efforts to preserve the remains of the Bab: Four historical accounts - Rabbani,Ahang (Baha'i Studies Review, 2003)
Accounts by Mirza Hasan Adib Taliqani, Fadil Mazandarani, ‘Abdu’l-Husayn Avarih, and Aqa Husayn ‘Ali Nur.
See last page of PDF (below) for the illustrated "Journey of the Remains of His Holiness the Báb."
Keywords: Akka, Israel; Báb, Burial of; Báb, Martyrdom of; Báb, Remains of; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Báb, The; Haifa, Israel; Iran (documents); Mount Carmel; Tehran, Iran

El archivo de música mapuche de la Radio Bahá'í: Diagnóstico, inventario, desafíos y reflexiones - Velascquez,José Velásquez; Zamora Caro,Katherine; Calfucura,Alex Calfuqueo; Díaz-Collao,Leonardo (Resonancias, 2024)
On the process of identification, diagnosis and inventory of the archive of Radio Bahá'í; the work of the archivist; safeguarding and enhancing this Mapuche sound archive, the oral expressions of the Wallmapu community. Link to article (offsite).
Mirrored from resonancias.uc.cl/n-55/el-archivo-de-musica-mapuche....
Keywords: Bahá'í Radio; Chile; Cultural diversity; Mapuche people; Music; Temuco, Chile

El liderazgo que viene - Arjomandi,Farshad (Journal of the Sociology and Theory of Religion, 2022)
Aquí exploramos algunas de las preguntas que esta nueva etapa de la evolución de la humanidad plantea con respecto al liderazgo, para responderlas a la luz de las investigaciones científicas y los principios bahá’ís.
This article is online under CC license at revistas.uva.es/index.php/socireli/article/view/6122. See full journal Los problemas sociales, económicos y religiosos desde la perspectiva bahá’í.
Keywords: Leadership

El proyecto educacional Bahá'í hacia un sistema universal de educacion - Bookwalter,Wm. Keith (Principios para una educación del siglo XXI, 2000)
Las principales tareas que enfrentan hoy los educadores baha'is y que constituyen lo que he denominado como "El proyecto educacional baha'i", y los obstaculos como las oportunidades frente a la generación actual de escolares y educadores baha'is.
See also the English original. The PDF below includes the book cover of the physical publication as prepared by FUNDAEC in Colombia.
Keywords: Curriculum; Education; FUNDAEC

Emblems of Faithfulness: Pluralism in Meaning and Beauty in the Ordinary - Cheng,Helen; Nash,Catherine (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2015)
Memorials of the Faithful is notable for the diversity of personalities described, and the sheer ordinariness of many of those remembered lives. These two aspects of the text highlight some of the broader questions raised by the Bahá'í Faith.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. The videos mentioned on page 1 are not available online anymore.
Keywords: Biographies (general); Diversity; Equality; Ethics; Faith (general); Faithfulness; Iran (documents); Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); Memorials of the Faithful (book); Nobility; Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Poetry; Ranks, stations and functions; Said Rezai; Stories; Transformation; Women; Yaran

Emergence from Obscurity: The Journey of Sociology in the Bahá'í Community - Hoonaard, van den,Will C. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2008)
The field of sociology and the Bahá’í Faith share important principles and both challenge widely-held beliefs, yet there has sometimes been a wall of silence separating them. This paper explores how the Faith informs the sociology of Bahá'í scholars.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/144.
Keywords: Hasan M. Balyuzi Memorial Lectures; Scholarship; Sociology

Emergence, Enchantment, Entanglement and Excellence of the Cosmos - Klebel,Wolfgang A. (Lights of Irfan, 2008)
Science is gradually revealing Bahá'u'lláh's vision that the universe is God’s creation and every created thing in this world is leading to God -- as illustrated by developments in neuroscience, neurocardiology, and quantum physics.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/klebel_cosmos.
Keywords: Irfán Colloquia; Philosophy; Science

Enacting Thought: Divine Will, Human Agency, and the Possibility of Justice - Hanson,Holly (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2009)
Societies evolve through generations of human decision making. Using the examples of 300 years of politics in Uganda vis à vis England, processes that create injustice can be seen as gradual and unintentional, while implementing justice is deliberate.
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/145.
Keywords: Decision making; Justice; Politics; Sociology; Uganda; United Kingdom

Encouragement of the Arts During the Ministry of 'Abdu'l-Bahá: The Services of Master Calligrapher Mishkín-Qalam - Afnan,Nooshfar B. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2023)
‘Abdu’l-Bahá promoted the arts, including through support of Mishkín-Qalam and artistic conceptions for the interment of the remains of the Báb, the construction of the first Bahá’í House of Worship, and transcription of Bahá’í literature.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Akka, Israel; Arts and crafts; Ashgabat; Beauty; British Museum and British Library; Báb, Sarcophagus for; Calligraphy; Cyprus; Dhikr (Remembrance); Edirne, Turkey; Freedom of expression; Greatest Name; Haifa, Israel; India; Iran (documents); Istanbul, Turkey; Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); Lawh-i-Malikih (Tablet to Queen Victoria); Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Ishqabad; Mishkín-Qalam; Mumbai, India; Myanmar; Nearness and remoteness; Sarcophagus; Turkmenistan; Yangon, Myanmar; Yá 'Aliyyu'l-A'lá; `Abdu'l-Bahá

End of Days - Sharon,Moshe (Lights of Irfan, 2018)
On the word “messiah”, the anointed, which describes the redeemer like a priest, consecrated by being anointed with holy oil; prophecies about the last days and the final coming; predictions about the time of the "end," which Bahá'ís interpret as 1863.
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/sharon_days.
Keywords: 1260; 1290 days; 1335 days; 1844; 1863; 2300 days; Balfour Declaration; Bible; Christianity; Daniel (Bible); Greatest Name; Islam; Judaism; Mormonism (Latter Day Saints); Prophecies; Quran; Return; Some Answered Questions (book); Talmud; Tetragrammaton; William Miller

Enslaved African Women in Nineteenth-Century Iran: The Life of Fezzeh Khanom of Shiraz - Lee,Anthony (Iranian Studies, 2012)
Through an examination of the life of this servant of The Bab, this paper addresses the enormous gap in our knowledge of the experience of enslaved women in Iran.
Buy online at tandfonline.com.
Keywords: 19th century; Biography; Báb, The; Diaspora, African; Iran (documents); Servants; Shíráz, Iran; Slavery; Women

Epistemological Implications of the Gradated Claims to Divine Authority in the Bahá'í Writings: Reflections on Infallibility - Hatcher,William S. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2007)
There are different levels of infallibility, from the greater (the Manifestations who are "omniscient at will") to the lesser (like the Guardian, who has conferred freedom-from-error).
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/139.
Keywords: Epistemology; Guardianship; Infallibility; Manifestations of God; Philosophy

Epistle of Sayyid 'Alí Muhammad 'the Báb' to Sultan Abdulmecid - Alkan,Necati (Lights of Irfan, 2003)
The Bab's Tablet to Sultan Abdulmecid and some notes on early Bábís in the Ottoman Empire.
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #42, London (July 19-21, 2002). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/42/alkan_sultan.
Keywords: Báb, Writings of; Irfán Colloquia; Mullá ‘Alíy-i-Basṭámí; Ottoman Empire; Sultán `Abdu'l-Majid; Turkey

Equality and Baha'i Principles in Northern Ireland - Graham,Edwin (Solas, 2001)
A paper in two parts: (1) the development of equality legislation in Northern Ireland, and (2) the Bahá’í Teachings in relation to equality and the extent to which Northern Irish legislation applies or does not apply them.
See also a PDF of the complete issue of Solas 1. Mirrored from breacais.demon.co.uk/abs/solas.
Keywords: Christianity; Equality; Gender; Ireland; Northern Ireland, UK; Prejudice; Unity; Women

Ernst Bloch's Philosophy of Hope and the Bahá'í Writings - Kluge,Ian (Studies in Baha'i Philosophy, 2012)
This Marxist thinker, like the Bahá'í perspective, adheres to an evolutionary worldview: reality is a teleological process in which all things strive to actualize their inherent potentials and complete themselves in their highest possible condition.
See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Marxism; Philosophy

Ether, Quantum Physics and the Bahá'í Writings - Mihrshahi,Robin (Australian Baha'i Studies, 2002)
Analysis of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá's use of the term “ether”, correlated to His definition of this term as a medium not only for the propagation of electromagnetic radiation, but also for the communication of spiritual impulses to the physical world.
Before publication, this paper was presented at the sixth Australian Scholarship Institute held in Yerrinbool, Australia in 2002. The version of the paper reproduced here differs insignificantly from the one published. See also the rest of this issue, and see PDF.
Keywords: Active force and its recipient; Archetypes; Creation; Ether (concept); Huruf (letters); Philosophy; Physics; Science

Ethics and Entrepreneurship, An Oxymoron?: A Transition to a Free Market Economy in Eastern Europe - Starcher,George (European Bahá'í Business Forum, 1997)
The process of entrepreneurship and the importance of business ethics to entrepreneurial success, and the concept of stages of ethical consciousness and some of the reasons business ethics makes good business sense. Does not mention the Bahá'í Faith.
Originally online as a free download from ebbf.org, preserved at archive.org.
Keywords: Business; Ethics

Ethics Based on Science Alone? - Kluge,Ian (Studies in Baha'i Philosophy, 2015)
A critique of the idea that ethics can be based on science alone; questions of legitimacy and authority in ethics; reflections on Sam Harris' book The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values.
English section adapted from bahaiphilosophy.com and irfancolloquia.org/109/kluge_ethics. Voir aussi in français. See also the complete issue [PDF]. First presented at The Association of Baha’i Studies conference, San Francisco, August 2011, later published in Studies in Baha‘i Philosophy 4, 2015.
Keywords: Brain; Ethics; Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh; Immanuel Kant; Morality; Paris Talks (book); Promulgation of Universal Peace (book); Reason; Sam Harris; Science

Ethics for a Global Society - Schaefer,Udo (Baha'i Studies Review, 1994)
Addresses the collapse of moral order and value systems in the contemporary world, advocating in response a global ethic based on the Kitáb-i-Aqdas.
Keywords: Ethics; Integration and disintegration; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Udo Schaefer

Ethique Baha'i - Schaefer,Udo (Recueil de Conferences, 2008)
Talk delivered at Conference of the Association Francophone Europeenne d'Etudes Bahá'íes, 21-22 June 2008, Paris. Mirrored with permission from www.udoschaefer.com/articles/french.html.
Keywords: Ethics; Udo Schaefer

Even as the Waves of One Sea: Bahá'í Consultation's Implicit Cultural Support for the Clash of Differing Opinions - Kazemipour,Whitney White (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2024)
A letter from Shoghi Effendi introduces some cultural dynamics which underlie Bahá'í consultation; disagreement can precede collective understanding and is not a sign of failure; the prayer to open meetings gives a moral motivation and ethos of tolerance.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Administration; Anthropology; Consultation; Cultural diversity; Decision making; Moderation; Prayer; Spiritual Assemblies; Unity